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Twentieth Century Timeline of British Empire. Relief of Kimberley, Ladysmith and Mafeking, Occupation of Pretoria and Johannesburg but Boer War continues, War of the Golden Stool against Ashanti in West Africa, Cook Islands annexed by NZ , Boxer Rebellion, Tonga becomes a Protectorate, Royal Niger Company transfers its Northern Nigeria territories to the British government, Buganda Agreement over rights of Chiefs in Uganda Protectorate. German Naval law, Russian annexation of Manchuria, King Umberto of Italy is assassinated by anarchists.
Arthur Evans begins excavations of Minoan Civilisation on Crete, Pablo Picasso's Le Moulin de la Galette, Paul Cezanne's Still- Life with Onions, Joseph Conrad's Lord Jim, Leslie Stephenson's The English Utilitarians, Edward Elgar's The Dream of Gerontius, Puccini's Tosca. Freud publishes his Interpretations of Dreams, Ferdinand Zeppelin invents a rigid framed dirigible or airship that became known as the Zeppelin, Max Planck formulates quantum theory, First Browning revolvers manufactured, Fessenden transmits human speech via radio waves, F. E. Dorn discovers Rad.
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Commonwealth of Australia formed, Australian Immigration Restriction Act, Persia sells a 6. William D'Arcy, Peace of Beijing ends Boxer Rebellion, Marconi transmits telegraphic radio message from Cornwall to Newfoundland, Mombasa to Lake Victoria railway completed. Death of Queen Victoria, Edward VII becomes King, First British Submarine launched. Roosevelt takes over from assasinated Mc.
Kinley, Cuba becomes an American Protectorate, Treaty to build Panama Canal under US supervision, Trans- Siberian Railroad reaches Port Arthur. Picasso's Blue Period (until 1. Elgar's Cockaigne Overture, Kipling's Kim. Max Planck's Laws of Radiation, W.
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H. Nernst postulates third law of thermodynamics, First Mercedes car constructed, The hormone adrenalin is isolated. Treaty of Vereeniging ends Boer War, Anglo- Japanese Alliance, Ashanti territory incorporated into Gold Coast, Aswan Dam opened in Egypt, Third Colonial Conference, Colonial Office takes over East Africa Protectorate. Arthur James Balfour PM, King Edward establishes Order of Merit, The Anglo- American Pilgrim Society is founded. Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy is renewed, Ibn Saud captures Riyadh. J. A. Hobson's Imperialism is published, Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, Arthur Conan- Doyle's Hound of the Baskervilles, Kipling's Just So Stories, A. E. W. Mason's The Four Feathers, Elgar composes first of Pomp and Circumstance Marches, Claude Monet's Waterloo Bridge. Heaviside discovers atmospheric layer which aids conduction of radio waves, Poulsen invents the arc generator.
Britain incorporates Sokoto into Northern Nigeria, Great Coronation Durbar in Delhi, Curzon sends an expedition to Tibet, Dartmouth Naval College established, Settlement of Alaska- Canada Boundary with US, Joseph Chamberlain launches campaign for Tariff Reform. Edward VII visits Paris, Suffragettes established Bolsheviks split from Mensheviks at London Congress, Sixth Zionist conference refuses to consider EAst Africa for Jewish settlement, First Tour de France.
Henry James' The Ambassadors, Jack London's The Call of the Wild, Erskine Childers' The Riddle of the Sands. First powered flight by the Wright brothers, Perthe establishes link between X- Rays and cancer, Wilhelm Einthoven invents the electrical cardiograph, J. J. Thomson's The Conduction of Electricity through Gases. Entente Cordiale with France, Alcohol Licensing Laws introduced. Russo- Japanese War (until 1. Herero Revolt in South- West Africa is savagely put down by Germans, Paris Conference on white slave trade, Russian Interior Minister Plehve is assassinated. Dvorak dies in Prague, Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard, Claude Monet's The Thames, Joseph Conrad's Nostromo, George Bernard Shaw's John Bull's Other Island, J.
M. Barrie's Peter Pan, Puccini's Puccini: Madama Butterfly, Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. Lafcadio Hearn's Japan: An Attempt at Interpretation, L. T. Hobhouse's Democracy and Reaction, Max Weber's The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, G. K. Chesterton's The Napoleon of Notting Hill, Jack London's The Sea Wolf.
Freud's The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, Rutherford and Soddy develop general theory of radioactivity, Elster devises first practical photoelectric cell, W. C. Gorgas eradicates yellow fever from Panama Canal Zone, Rolls Royce founded, First telegraphic transmission of photographs, Sir John Fleming uses thermionic tube to generate radio waves, Wireless radio distress signal CQD is adopted. Colonial Office takes over Somaliland Protectorate, British partition of Bengal, British New Guinea transferred to Australia, Alberta and Saskatchewan become Provinces in Canada, Cullinan Diamond discovered in South Africa Sir Henry Campbell- Bannerman PM, Aliens Act introduces first restrictions to immigration to Britain, Anglo- Japanese Alliance renewed for 1.
Russians lose fleet at Tsushima, Russians defeated by Japanese, Revolution in Russia, Constitutional Revolution in Persia, Maji Maji rebellion in German East Africa, Norway breaks from Sweden. Death of Jules Verne, Strauss' Strauss: Salome, E. M. Forster's Where Angels Fear to Tread, Baroness Orczy's The Scarlet Pimpernel, H. G. Wells' Kipps - The Story of a Simple Soul.
Einstein formulates Special Theory of Relativity, Sigmund Freud's Three Contributions to the Theory of Sex, Wright Brothers improve their flying machine, Commercial Rayon production begins in Coventry. Muslim league established in India, Britain and France rule New Hebrides, Lagos absorbed into Southern Nigeria, Zulu Rebellion suppressed, Self- government restored to Transvaal and Orange River Colony, Young Men's Buddhist Association founded in Burma, British force Turks to cede Sinai Peninsula to Egypt, Ahina and Britain agree to reduce opium production. Reforming Liberals win election, Campbell Bannerman PM, First Dreadnought launched, Kaiser meets Edward VII, Patents Act, Merchant Shipping Act. Algeciras Conference over First Morocco Crisis, First Duma in Russia, US troops occupy Cuba, Theodore Roosevelt is first US President to travel overseas whilst in office by visiting Panama Canal Zone, Germany decides to widen Kiel Canal to take new and larger battleships and also expands naval construction programme, Roald Amundsen traverses North- west Passage and determines position of magnetic North Pole, San Francisco earthquake Clemens von Pirquet coins the term 'allergy' in medicine for first time, 'Typhoid Mary' incarcerated in New York. New Zealand gains Dominion status, Colonial Office takes over Nyasaland Protectorate, Colonial Conference becomes institutionalised as a four yearly event, Dominions Department created within Colonial Office, Mahatma Gandhi begins first non- violent resistance campaign in South Africa, Indian National Congress splits, British and French come to an agreement on Siamese independence, Anglo- Russian Entente resolves differences over spheres of influence in Persia and British influence in the Persian Gulf, Baden Powell founds Boys Scout movement'Open Door' Agreement on China between France and Japan, Japan claims protectorate over Korea, Peace Conference at the Hague, Roosevelt bans Japanese immigration to US, Rasputin gains influence in court of Tsar, Dutch complete the occupation of Sumatra with defeat of Achinese, Financial panic and run on banks in USA halted by J. P. Morgan, Sun Yat Sen announces program for a Chinese Democratic Republic, Lenin flees Russia, Norway gives women the vote.
First Cubist exhibition in Paris, Rudyard Kipling receives Nobel prize for Literature, Joseph Conrad's The Secret Agent, Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. Ivan Pavlov studies conditioned reflexes, Ross Harrison develops tissue culture techniques, Louis Lumiere develops a process for colour photography using a three- colour screen, Anschutz and Schuler improve the gyrocompass, Lusitania and Mauretania launched.